ARCH402: Pre-Jury 1 | Izmir Mediterranean Institute

This week, we had preliminary jury for our term project in İzmir to Medditerranean Institute. After analysis of Kemeraltı and Konak area, we started to propose initial design ideas for the site. As a result of analysis we ended up with cognitive map with my group mates. According to this cognitive map, I decided to compose a cognitive motion in our site also. My tactic is using 3 corners of triangle site with circular circulations. Circle corner idea is coming from the historical background of the site. In around our site there are some examples of  first national architecture in republic. These kinds of buildings mainly have this corner condition with circular spaces. In addition to this reference, the boulvard part of our site has a potential of welcoming while approaching from Alsancak and Kordon road. Circular volume could be the way to emphasize and attract the attention to the building. According to these desicions I propose 3 main cores and they include circulation and I have an organic form which shapes accordingly the front condition and spaces.

ARCH464: SUCCESSFUL BUILDINGS | Mehmet Okutan

This week, the guest of our lecture was Mehmet Okur as mechanical engineer. The subject was Successful buildings with their mechanical details. Presentation started with energy saving in constructions and buildings. In buildings, heat and air condition are provided by mechanical engineers.  Elevator, light conditions are solutions which extend beyond limits of architecture, and give freedom for design methods and creativity. So, the development of mechanical systems provides creativity to architecture.

What is the building? Is it a shelter? Is it a prestigious thing? Is it an artwork? Or is it a machine? In modernity, buildings are defined as a machine for living. Le Corbusier’s definition of building was making relation between buildings and ships. Pompidou Center in Paris is one of the symbolic examples of the machine idea in modernism.

Modern buildings constitute about %40 of the total energy consumption. He talked about this consumption and its ratios.

He talked about setting the need with car example. In car design, there are some external loads as orientation, high performance façade, efficient shading, space planning; and there are some internal loads as lighting, equipment, occupancy, IT, ventilation, minimum water use etc. Mainly they are as same as architecture. In buildings, heating, cooling, ventilation, humidification, water supply, fire protection, lighting and power supply should be provided for the best result.

In energy saving, there is a life cycle and time frame for deriving profit. Isolation for heat provides profit in long term frame but some investors don’t aim to create long term profits, they prefer short term profits. In order to provide proper solution for it, government should obligate people to use energy saving systems.

In terms of renewable energy sources, solar energy, wind power, wave and tidal power, geothermal, biomass and hydropower are the basic methods of designing green buildings. In Müteahhitler Birliği building, he applied a labyrinth for heating and cooling and he talked about this building and the labyrinth’s energy saving system.

ARCH464: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CIVIL ENGINEER & ARCHITECT | Zafer Kınacı

He is one of the members of important engineering-architectural offices and made static calculations of Next Level, Sheraton and TED University new buildings. (Studio part) In structures generally wood, steel, reinforced concrete are used. Wood is not used so much in Turkey. While reinforced concrete is not preferred in Europe and USA generally because of the prize of it, Turkey mostly uses reinforced concrete in structures. However there are some difficulties about reinforced concrete such as cantilever. For example in a conference hall 40m could be free from columns.

Pre-stressed Concrete (Öngerilmeli Beton)

Pre-tensioning (Ön çekme)

Post-tensioning (Ard Çekme)

In Next level case, pre-tensioning method was used. In order to provide circulation in basement car park floor, some columns are eliminated.

In post-tensioning systems, stability of reinforcement is stronger (with guys) than normal reinforced concrete systems. There is no adding point. (In reinforced concrete adding point are generally problematic because of the length of the steel in long distances)

Sheraton Hotel Project is one of the examples of the works of the office as an application of post-tensioning. (2003) New building of Sheraton is 9 story building. Columns don’t state the basement, under the columns there is a conference hall. It solved with post-tensioning system. (1,5 m height base for columns) Before concrete is poured, guys are stretched. It is a cheap system.

Vakıfbank (Antalya) project, Al-Fateh University sport hall, Bodrum Bozbük guestroom building, Başkent Organize Sanayi Mosque, Bakü Olympic Hall, TIM Towers Residence, ERSA Congresium Center are some of the examples of application of post-tensioning system.

ARCH464: PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS | Cem Altınöz

This week, Cem Altınöz from Öncüoğlu Architecture (and he is also instructor in our university) came and talked about project development project and organization in a large scale project.

Firstly he mentioned about the differences between large scale and small scale projects. The difference is not only amount of place, the complexity of organization changes also. For an investor, it is important to create an image in market, for achieving this, the investor applies an architect, and an architect works with 2 kinds of group; one is minor project groups of people, and consultants. Minor project groups are mainly structural, mechanical, electrical, landscape and infrastructure groups. An architect should work with them. Main consultations are acoustics, fire, façade, detail, kitchen design, ceiling plans, mechanical HVAC plans etc. An architect works with these consultants and creates a unity for the final proposal of application project. In last stage, there should be detailed architectural sections and elevations, finishing schedule and some other data with the main drawings.  With the façade consultant, there could be mock-up on site for the first trial of impression and application

After all, he mainly gave some examples about his architectural office and made some detailed explanation about some consultations.

 

ARCH402: Site Analysis of Kemeraltı | İzmir

In the beginning of this semester, we had a site trip to Kemeraltı (historical site of the İzmir). According to experiences and observations, we made different kinds of analysis as groups. With Aylin Alicanoğlu and İdil İbrikçioğlu, we made Mobility Analysis which you can see below.

ARCH464: CHAMBER OF ARCHITECTS | Muteber Osmanpaşaoğlu

This week, member of board of Chamber of Architects in Ankara, Muteber Osmanpaşaoğlu has come and made a speech about the chamber of architects and TMMOB ( Türk Mühendis ve Mimar Odaları Birliği). Chamber of architects is connected to TMMOB. There are 25 more chambers except Chamber of Architects, as Chamber of Mechanical Engineers, Chambers of Electronical Engineers etc.

In 1927, Architects’ Association was founded. In 1954, with the help of Architects’ Association (Mimarlar Derneği), the chamber of architects in Turkey was founded. The main aim of the chamber of architects is having solutions for possible professional problems of architects.

The publications of the chamber are Bülten, Mimarlık Dergisi and web pages. The current issues of Chamber of Architects is dealing with are AOÇ (Atatürk Orman Çiftliği) , İller Bankası and Meclis Camii of Behruz Çinici.

There are corporations as “Mesleki Bilimsel Çalışma Kurulları” (MBÇK) and they organized cultural activities. The corporation for environmental effects analysis as Çevre Etki Değerlendirme (ÇED) proposes the reports for the buildings.

Chamber of architects is connected to International Union of Architects (UIA) and European Architects’ Association.

Generally, the main problems of architects who came for a solution to the Chamber of Architects are about unfair competition. This chamber has also expertise service for architects.

ARCH464: BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS | Onur Yüncü

In this lecture, we mainly talked about founding an architectural organization. Architectural practice necessity is a registration of the office to the Chamber of Architects. General business necessities are

1. An address where the business is carried out.
2. A registration to the Tax Office
3. A registration to SGK
4. Accountant

In Tax Office applications, it is important what kind of foundation you have.

• As a corporation (Anonim Şirket)
• As a limited liability company (Limited Şirket)
• As a self-employed architect (Serbest Meslek Erbabı)
• As an ordinary partnership (Adi Ortaklık)

In SGG Registration, it is matter what kind of job you have.

• For self-employment insurance (Bağkur)
• For employees insurance (SSK)

(Total name of both SGK= Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu)

There are three applications as Tax practices inn Turkey. They are; VAT (KDV), Witholding Tax (Muhtasar) and Income Tax (Gelir Vergisi). In every March of every year, Income Tax should be paid. If there is a profit, you should pay %20 of your profit as an income tax as a company. If you have no company and self-employed architect, you should pay between %15 and %35 of your profit as income tax. In less amount of money, to be self-employed architect has more advantages, but if you have more money, to found a company is better.

In the end of the lecture, Onur Yüncü mentioned about Offers. In order to have proper offer, architects should control “TMMOB- Mimarlar Odası- Mimarlık Hizmetleri Şartnamesi” According to this data, contracts should be prepared properly. A contract is a legal document that defines the framework of any professional works as well as the fee that will be paid in exchange of the works.

 

ARCH464: PROFESSION & PRACTICE | Bilge İmamoğlu

In this lecture, Bilge İmamoğlu has come and talked about “profession”. He started with the words of Profession (n) , Professional (adj), Professionalism(n) and where they come from. Profession means “Meslek” in Turkish and it comes from “süluk” word.

After terminological explanations, he mentioned about the starting point of being professional. It is very related with publication of scholar and professional journals. “Architectural Review” is one of the first examples of scholar publications. In addition to that, we talked that if there is an organization where you learn the profession from, then it is a profession. Institutions, education, organization, occupations, journals, schools create and support the “profession”. (Exp. Chamber of Architecture) Social legitimacy of explicit rights for occupational privileges is a very important step for the professionalism in order to defend the professional’s rights. Formation of Professional organizations is another step of this issue. The state’s legal approval for those rights and privileges is the last step of being profession.

In Turkey, Vedat Tek who is architect of second assemble building in Ankara and Sirkeci train station in İstanbul and Mimar Kemalettin are the examples of first professional architects of Turkish Republic. In addition to them foreigners as Ernst Arnold Egli had the professional rights in Turkey, however this situation created some protests in time, in order not to provide Turkish architects to be professional in their own country.

Overview of 401 Studio

Hello from very end of the semester. Before a break I want to entry about my experiences in this studio, Arch401, and what it contrubuted to me.

It was a very rush semester, in terms of dealing with huge scale project. I mostly struggle to control the participants of the design. Although we did not zoom in so much as scale, (we work in 500 scale) we had to think a lot of different perspectives as social, urban, cultural and functional context etc. 60.000 sqm was very huge amount of place to design, so it was hard. However, I dealed with it and it concluded as satisfactory for me. I believe that i succeed the purposes of the 401 studio.

After all, I am more close to be an architect, there is only one semester to be struggled !